ESP-01 Wi-Fi Module
Overview
The **ESP-01** is a small Wi-Fi module based on the ESP8266 chipset, which is designed for embedded systems and IoT applications. It enables easy connection to Wi-Fi networks, making it an excellent choice for wireless communication projects.
Specifications
- Wi-Fi Standard: 802.11 b/g/n
- Operating Voltage: 3.3V
- Power Consumption: Around 150mA during transmission
- Flash Memory: 512KB
- GPIO Pins: 2 GPIO pins (limited) for input/output
- Communication Interface: UART (Serial Communication)
- Supports: SPI, UART, I2C, PWM
- Operating Temperature: -40°C to +125°C
Pinout
| Pin | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | VCC | Power Supply (3.3V) |
| 2 | GND | Ground |
| 3 | TX | Transmit data (connect to RX of microcontroller) |
| 4 | RX | Receive data (connect to TX of microcontroller) |
| 5 | CH_PD | Chip enable pin (must be HIGH to enable the chip) |
| 6 | GPIO0 | General Purpose I/O Pin 0 |
| 7 | GPIO2 | General Purpose I/O Pin 2 |
| 8 | RST | Reset pin (active low) |
Working Principle
The **ESP-01** operates using the ESP8266 microcontroller, which handles the Wi-Fi communication. The module connects to a microcontroller (e.g., Arduino) via UART (TX/RX pins), where it can transmit or receive data over the internet. The onboard flash memory stores firmware, and the GPIO pins can be used for controlling devices such as LEDs or sensors.
The chip requires a 3.3V power supply, which is critical to ensure the module functions properly. The **CH_PD** pin must be HIGH for the module to operate. The GPIO pins can be used to control external devices, although the number of available I/O pins is limited due to the small size of the module.
Applications
- Home Automation Systems
- Wireless Sensors
- IoT Projects (Internet of Things)
- Wi-Fi Controlled Devices
- Remote Monitoring
